"Basic Research & Higher Education System." [power-point presentation ]
by
Y.S.RAJAN
Principal Adviser, CII
(views personal)
To be Delivered at the
CII National Summit on Quality in Education
16-17 November 2006, Bangalore
SOME MACRO STATISTICCS
PERCENTAGE SHARE OF NATIONAL
S&T EXPENDITURE 2002-2003
Applied Research41.7%
Experimental Dev.34.0%
Basic Research17.8%
Other Activities6.5%
Courtesy : R&D Statistics, DST, September 2006
National R&D Expenditure
1998 - 99 Rs.12473.17 Crores
2002 - 03 Rs.18000.16 Crores
2004 - 05 Rs.21639.58 Crores (estimate)
(DST : Sept.2006)
2006 - 07 Budget estimates for major
Central Govt. agencies DRDO
Rs 29,600 crores (derived by YSR)
(S&T) Researchers per million people for selected countries (1996-2002) DST September 2006
Total Researchers
Argentina 715 26455
Australia3446 68920
Brazil 324 55728
Canada3487108097
China 633805176
Total Researchers
Finland7431 37155
Germany3222264204
India 110115936*
Japan5085645795
Korea2979140013 Singapore4352 17408
UK2691158769
USA4526 1289910
*includes 22,100 researchers employed in Higher Education
Doctorate Degrees Awarded Faculty-wise
2002-03 (DST September 2006)
Science & Technology(A)
Faculty 2002-2003
Science4497
Engg./Technology 779
Medicine 243
Agriculture1042
Veterinary Science 153
Total A 6714
Other Disciplines(B)
Faculty 2002-2003
Arts5034
Commerce 857
Education 554
Law 138
Others 436
Total B 7019
Total A+B = 13733
ESTIMATED STOCK OF S&T PERSONNEL
(thousands)
(DST SEPTEMBER 2006)
Stock of S&T personnel at the beginning of year
Category 1991 2001 2006
Engg. Degree Holders 519.6 1024.4
Engg. Diploma Holders 859.3 1531.7
Medical Graduates 310.3 415.9
Agri. Graduates 168.4 238.6
ESTIMATED STOCK OF S&T PERSONNEL
(thousands)
(DST SEPTEMBER 2006)
Stock of S&T personnel at the beginning of year
Category199120012006
Veterinary Graduates 34.4 46.7
Science Graduates 2430.3 4024.9
Science Post Graduates 482.0 805.0
TOTAL 4804.3 9785 (projected by YSR)
Average Rate of Growth about 4%
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (? !)
SO MUCH FOR STATISTICS
What do we learn ?
Bulk of /S&T funds in India only by Govt. (very little for Humanities/Social Sciences)
Of the Govt. funds in S&T mostly it goes to major laboratories
Industries about 25% of national expenditure is in-house - units.
So what about Higher Educational Sector ?
Researchers in Higher Educational Sector is very low - that too crowded in IIT’s, IISc & a few other select Central Universities.
Naturally low Ph.D. out turn
Also many questions as to what they are.
Solutions :
TIFAC - REACH
Industry Role
Academia Role
BASIC RESEARCH
What is it ?
Academic Perception
Industry perception
NEED FOR BRIDGING PERCEPTIONAL DIVIDE
QUALITY INSTITUTIONS EYES
OF PERCEPTIVE AND DISCERNING
OBSERVER (TIFAC - CORE Experience)
HUMANITIES
CRUCIAL FOR KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY
Languages Basic for cognitional foundation
Knowledge about people, culture - Winning Minds therefore markets
Traditional Knowledge bases - New Gold Mines
Continuing Education - Making it interesting
Many more for those who seek